I'm sorry that I haven't written in a while. I've been travelling and out of email contact. I first flew to Jo-burg then drove all the way back on the wrong side of the road. Thankfully the other motorists on the road were adept at interpreting my windshield wiper on's and off's as turn signals. Jo-Burg is a typical inland financial center sort of town. Big roads, large houses, and traffic that might reluctantly yield to pedestrians. It's normal enough except for the exceptionally high crime rate (I personally have met two groups of travelers who were confronted by armed men) and the consequent walls. Every house is surrounded by walls ten feet high topped with electrified barbed wire. A black native told me sarcastically that the reason for the barbed wire was that Jo-Burg was a city fascinated with birds and so being provided as many roosting spots as possible. While in Jo-Burg I took a tour of Soweto. SOuthWEsternTOwnship is not an African name or place. It's an area of Johannesburg that was licensed for black occupation. I felt a little bad about doing so, like taking a tour through Cabrini Green or touring a farm where migrant workers are toiling. There's something about "touring" a neighborhood that's uncomfortably close to going to the zoo. I did it anyway because all the guidebooks explicitly said not to go there -- and I really wanted to see what life was like under the shelter of an shanty-town. Most of the tour was uneventful and even a little boring. Desmond Tutu and Nelson Mandela both grew up in Soweto and give it the distinction of being the only place in the world where two Nobel prize winners grew up on the same street. It felt safer that Johannesburg, there was nothing there to steal and everyone together had a vested interest in survival. I'll skip the physical description because it's so similar to what you can imagine or may have seen across the river from El Paso, Texas or down the road from San Diego except to say that 4-5 thousand people were living in less space than 1/4 of a small city block. Anything went architecturally -- if it was solid and waterproof it was used. I got a little annoyed at one point because the tour was going to only "safe" places -- Nelson's old house, the same Shabin (local bar where they serve a repulsive drink made from corn meal -- try warm chunky beer the color of Elmer's glue), etc, etc. I wanted to get down and dirty and at least have lunch in a local place. In front of me three men hacked away at cow's skulls with axes (to get the brains out) while I ate my lunch. Seven or eight men sat with me while a group of attendant women watched from a wooden bench on the side. I paid for lunch, 20R in all ($3US) and fed all of us. To start the meal I was taken to a wooden table to the left of the chopping stands from which I selected cuts of heart, liver, and meat from piles of much less clear and much more dubious origins. The table was a bloody disaster, covered with flies, blood, and piles of organs. The juice from the table flowed down onto the baked clay dirt and mixed with water flowing past the table and out onto the road. The meat I selected was trimmed from a pile of all the flesh from one of the skulls behind me. The mound I chose had an eyeball jutting out which was squeezed uncomfortably on the table surface. The cutter took my requests and returned to the table with nicely sliced chunks of meat on a traditional wooden serving! bowl. I admit that I was a little afraid that I'd be eating the meat without it being cooked first, but a young man came out and placed the it on a grill I hadn't previously noticed between the table and the choppers. After being cooked the meat was returned to the table, garnished with salt, and the group of us ate it and baba (maize meal, same as used to make the beer) with our hands. I survived the meal without incident and will remember it forever. It was particularly fascinating (and saddening) that every person at the table asked for my address in the United States and asked if I could employ them. I wonder why American companies haven't started exploiting this huge cheap labor pool -- they all speak English already! The drive back to Cape Town was pretty disappointing, it put my in a bit of a sour mood and causes me to reflect. I am amazed at the destructive nature of colonization. Besides one stretch of mountainous jungle presumably too daunting to hack into submission, the entirety of South Africa is a montage of the central plains of California, a hefty chunk of western Texas, and a bit of miniaturized Utah thrown in for spice. Although I would expect similar land forms and geological tendencies due to the overarching dynamics of plate tectonics, temperate climate, and wind erosion I had no way of anticipating the fences. Every bit of land has been fenced, all inididigenous animals and peoples corralled into pens (either literal or economic), and all hills clear cut to make way for sheep, cows, and goats. I expected, perhaps naively, to see a relatively pristine land, full of elephants, baboons, and dassies but instead I found the rolling hills of Texas complete with horse riding cowboys, cows, and so many miles of fences I wanted to cry. It reminded me that the human population requires so muc! h land to support itself that we all should be scared of future consequences. I hadn't ever really given any thought to the Christian idea of ownership of earth and animals. As you know I was raised a Christian and was told among other things that man has dominion over earth and animals. That they are all below us and can be exploited to our ends. It is not surprising then that the people who colonized the world, the Europeans, predominantly the English, didn't restrain themselves when it came to brutalizing the landscape and killing life. Why should they have? They had the right to do so, given to them from God himself. Don't like the mountain lion? Kill it. Don't like the jungle because it doesn't have the same caloric crop output as equivalent acres of corn or grazed cattle? Cut it down. Massive stretches of the coast of South Africa have been reduced from jungle into sickening man-made forests of pine trees. I'm not a plant person but I suspect the damage to the jungle is much greater than can be solved by cutting down the pine trees as the trees ha! ve been there for years and their needles have accumulated on the ground below. I read somewhere that the reason for this was to make the European settlers feel more like they were at home where pine forests dominate. Neither baboons nor any other indigenous South African life can survive in a pine forest. Cape Town is beautiful. South Africa is accessible and cheap. It's not Africa. If you come, come here for the beaches, sun, and ridiculously cheap food not an African adventure. I'm off tomorrow morning on a 50 day overland trip from South Africa to Nairobi, Kenya. I hope then to see a little of the Africa which drew me here in the first place.